Lenin’s Intellectual and Political Contributions to the Development of Marxist Theory

Abstract

This study examines Lenin’s political philosophy and ideas within the context of his efforts to develop Marxism and move it from theoretical discourse to practical application. It highlights the key intellectual transformations of Marxism through an analytical framework grounded in Lenin’s vision. At the same time, the study explores how Lenin adapted and refined these principles to align with the realities of a new era, striving to build a communist society.

The research argues that Lenin did not create an independent theory that stands in opposition to Marxism; rather, Leninism is an extension of Marxism that emerged from it, developed it, and safeguarded it from distortions and deviations, without Lenin himself contributing to the deviations. Through intensive academic analysis employing descriptive, historical, and structural methods, the study deconstructs, reconstructs, and harmonizes various elements within a qualitative framework to address the central research problem.

By presenting Lenin’s political ideas and contributions, the study underscores the most significant conclusions regarding Lenin’s renewal and development of Marxism from a scientifically grounded epistemological perspective. It highlights Leninism as both a theoretical and practical framework that influenced the global order of its time and continues to shape the ideology of socialist and communist parties. Furthermore, Leninism remains a political doctrine and ideological foundation for certain major political systems and other political systems today.