السياسة الخارجية للاتحاد الأوربي تجاه اليمن: المحددات البنيوية واستجابات مرحلة ما بعد تحولات 2011
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30907/jcopolicy.vi71.911الكلمات المفتاحية:
الاتحاد الأوربي، السياسة الخارجية، اليمن، تحولات 2011، مؤتمر الحوار الوطنيالملخص
تقدم هذه الدراسة تحليلاً لمحددات ومواقف السياسة الخارجية للاتحاد الأوربي تجاه اليمن، انطلاقًا من التداخل بين المحددات الداخلية للاتحاد، بما يشمل مصالح الدول الأعضاء وعمل مؤسساته والضغوط السياسية، والمحددات الخارجية المرتبطة بالتحولات الإقليمية والدولية منذ عام 2011، مع إبراز أهمية اليمن في الحسابات الأوربية ليس إنسانيًا فقط ، بل أيضًا لأمن الممرات البحرية، ومكافحة الإرهاب، والهجرة غير النظامية.
وتنطلق الدراسة من إشكالية مركزية تتمثل في التساؤل عن أسباب إخفاق الاتحاد الأوربي في التحول إلى فاعل مؤثر في مسار الأزمة اليمنية منذ عام 2011، بالرغم من التزامه الدبلوماسي والإنساني، وعن مدى إسهام تباين مصالح الدول الأعضاء، والتداخلات الإقليمية في تقليص فاعلية سياسته الخارجية تجاه اليمن.
تعتمد الدراسة على المنهج التحليلي، ومدخل المصلحة الوطنية؛ لفهم دوافع السلوك الأوربي عن طريق تحليل البيانات الرسمية، والمواقف السياسية للاتحاد، وتخلص إلى أنّ غياب سياسة أوربية موحدة وتباين مواقف الدول الأعضاء قلصا قدرته على التأثير الفعال في الأزمة اليمنية، مما ركز دوره على الإسناد الإنساني والدبلوماسية متعددة الأطراف، مؤكدة أن تفسير سياسته تتطلب الربط بين المحددات البنيوية ومصالح الاتحاد في بيئة صراع معقدة.
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