الطروحات الفكرية الامنية لمدرستي ويلز وباريس
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30907/jcopolicy.vi64.525الكلمات المفتاحية:
الدراسات الأمنية النَّقدية – مدرسة ويلز – مدرسة باريسالملخص
تُناقش الدراسة الطروحات الفكرية الأَمنية لمدرسة ويلز وباريس والتي تعدُّ من أَهمّ المدارس النَقْديّة الأُوربية المعاصرة التي ظهرت في تسعينياتِ القرنِ العشرينِ، وكيف قاربتا مفهوم الأَمن منتقدة ما يعتقده الاتجاه التقليدي الذي كان سائداً مُدَّة الحرب البادرة بخصوص حصر مفهوم الأَمن بالدولة أَو بالجانب العسكري (الأَمن الدولاتي)، ومحاولة توسيع المفهوم إِلى أَبعاد اقتصادية واجتماعية وبيئية، فضلاً عن السياسية والعسكرية، وإِنَّ أَهم ما طرحته مدرسة ويلز(التي يعد كين بوث أَبرز مفكريها) تضمن طروحات أَمنية مهمة كسياسة انعتاق وأَمن الفرد ودور المؤسسة الأَكاديمية، مستندة في أُصولها الفكرية على أَفكار فلاسفة عصر النهضة والتنوير كهوبس ولوك وروسو وكانط بعد مزجها بالأسلوب النَقْديّ لمدرسة فرانكفورت، في حين تناولت مدرسة باريس (التي يعدَ ديدرو بيغو أَهم مفكريها) طروحات أَمنية وعولمة الأَمن والجمع والتحليل وفكرة الترابط بين الأَمن الداخلي والخارجي، واستندت في أُصولها الفكرية على مقاربات ميشيل فوكو وبيير بورديو.
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